Tax Sale Redemption Periods by State

How long do property owners have to redeem after a tax sale? Look up every state's rules, interest rates, and key investor considerations.

9
No Redemption
After sale
5
Under 1 Year
Short window
25
1-2 Years
Moderate window
12
3+ Years
Long window
Tax Deed
Tax Lien
Hybrid
Redeemable Deed

All 50 States + D.C.

Alabama (AL)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
3 years
Interest / Penalty
12% annual interest

Owner has 3 years from the date of the tax lien certificate sale to redeem. Applies to all property types.

Alaska (AK)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
No statutory redemption
Interest / Penalty
N/A

Alaska uses judicial foreclosure for delinquent taxes. No specific statutory redemption period after sale.

Arizona (AZ)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
3 years (before deed)
Interest / Penalty
16% maximum interest

Owner has 3 years to redeem the tax lien before the certificate holder can apply for a treasurer's deed. No redemption after deed is issued.

Arkansas (AR)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
No redemption after sale
Interest / Penalty
N/A

Once the Commissioner's Deed is issued at tax sale, there is no statutory right of redemption.

California (CA)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
1 year
Interest / Penalty
1.5% per month (18% annually)

Property becomes tax-defaulted after 5 years of delinquency, then sold. Owner has the right to redeem up until the point of sale (some counties allow up to 1 year in certain judicial processes).

Colorado (CO)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
3 years (before deed)
Interest / Penalty
9-12% interest + penalties

Lien holder must wait 3 years before applying for a treasurer's deed. Owner can redeem during this window.

Connecticut (CT)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
6 months
Interest / Penalty
18% annual interest

Owner has 6 months from the date of the tax lien sale to redeem the property by paying all owed taxes plus interest.

Delaware (DE)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
60 days
Interest / Penalty
15% penalty + 1% per month

One of the shortest redemption periods in the country. Owner has 60 days after the monitions (tax sale) process to redeem.

District of Columbia (DC)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
6 months
Interest / Penalty
18% annual interest

Owner has 6 months from the tax lien sale date to redeem. After that, the lien purchaser can file to foreclose on the right of redemption.

Florida (FL)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
2 years (before deed application)
Interest / Penalty
18% maximum (bid down)

Tax certificates are sold annually in June. Certificate holder must wait 2 years before applying for a tax deed. Owner can redeem at any time before the deed is issued. No redemption after deed.

Georgia (GA)
Redeemable Deed
Redemption Period
12 months
Interest / Penalty
20% penalty (1st year)

Buyer receives a deed at sale, but the original owner has 12 months to redeem by paying the purchase price plus penalties. If not redeemed, buyer gets full ownership.

Hawaii (HI)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
1 year
Interest / Penalty
12% interest

Owner has 1 year to redeem after the tax sale by paying the purchase price plus costs and interest.

Idaho (ID)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
14 months
Interest / Penalty
Varies by county

County issues a tax deed after a 14-month redemption period following the delinquency date. Owner must pay all taxes, penalties, and interest to redeem.

Illinois (IL)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
2-3 years (before deed)
Interest / Penalty
18-36% penalty

Standard redemption period is 2 years for most properties, extended to 3 years for owner-occupied residential. Lien buyer petitions for deed after the period expires.

Indiana (IN)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
1 year / 120 days
Interest / Penalty
10-15% penalty

Owner-occupied properties have a 1-year redemption period. Vacant or abandoned properties have a shorter 120-day redemption window.

Iowa (IA)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
1 year 9 months (before deed)
Interest / Penalty
2% per month (24% annually)

Tax sale certificates are issued in June. Owner has 1 year and 9 months to redeem before the certificate holder can apply for a treasurer's deed.

Kansas (KS)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
No redemption after sale
Interest / Penalty
N/A

Properties are sold at auction after a judicial foreclosure process. Once sold, there is no statutory right of redemption for the former owner.

Kentucky (KY)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
1 year
Interest / Penalty
12% annual interest

Owner has 1 year from the date of the tax lien certificate sale to redeem by paying the delinquent amount plus interest and costs.

Louisiana (LA)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
3 years
Interest / Penalty
12%+ interest + 5% penalty

Owner has 3 years from the recordation of the tax sale to redeem. The redemption period is constitutionally protected.

Maine (ME)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
18 months
Interest / Penalty
Varies by municipality

Municipality places a lien on the property. Owner has 18 months from the date of filing to redeem before the municipality can foreclose.

Maryland (MD)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
6 months / 4 months
Interest / Penalty
Varies by county (up to 24%)

Owner-occupied residential properties have a 6-month redemption period. All other properties have a 4-month period after the lien holder files for foreclosure.

Massachusetts (MA)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
6 months to 1 year
Interest / Penalty
16% annual interest

Redemption period varies. Tax title holder must wait at least 6 months before petitioning the Land Court to foreclose. The court may allow up to 1 year.

Michigan (MI)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
1 year
Interest / Penalty
Varies; includes fees + interest

Properties are forfeited after 2 years of delinquency, then sold at auction. Owner has 1 year after the foreclosure judgment to redeem before the deed is finalized.

Minnesota (MN)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
3 years / 1 year
Interest / Penalty
Varies by county

Agricultural and homestead properties get a 3-year redemption period. All other property types have a 1-year window to redeem.

Mississippi (MS)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
2 years
Interest / Penalty
1.5% per month (18% annually)

Owner has 2 years from the date of the tax sale to redeem. After the period expires, the purchaser can obtain a tax deed.

Missouri (MO)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
1 year
Interest / Penalty
10% penalty + costs

Owner has 1 year from the date of the tax lien sale to redeem. After 1 year, the collector issues a collector's deed to the purchaser.

Montana (MT)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
3 years (before deed)
Interest / Penalty
10% per annum + 2% monthly penalty

Tax lien is assigned. Owner has 3 years to redeem before the lien holder can apply for a tax deed from the county.

Nebraska (NE)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
3 years (before deed)
Interest / Penalty
14% annual interest

Tax sale certificates are sold annually. Owner has 3 years from the date of sale to redeem before the certificate holder can apply for a treasurer's deed.

Nevada (NV)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
No redemption after sale
Interest / Penalty
N/A

Properties are sold at auction after being delinquent for 3+ years. Once sold, the buyer receives a deed with no right of redemption for the former owner.

New Hampshire (NH)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
2 years
Interest / Penalty
18% annual interest

Owner has 2 years from the date of the tax lien sale to redeem. Failure to redeem results in forfeiture of the property to the lien holder.

New Jersey (NJ)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
2 years
Interest / Penalty
18% max (bid down at auction)

Owner has 2 years after the tax sale to redeem. After 2 years, the certificate holder can begin foreclosure proceedings. Interest rate is bid down at auction.

New Mexico (NM)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
No redemption after sale
Interest / Penalty
N/A

Properties are sold after 3 years of delinquency. Once the property is sold at a tax deed auction, there is no statutory right of redemption.

New York (NY)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
1-2 years (varies by county)
Interest / Penalty
Varies by county

Redemption period varies by county and municipality. NYC tax liens have a specific redemption process. Upstate counties typically allow 1-2 years.

North Carolina (NC)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
No redemption after sale
Interest / Penalty
N/A (10-day upset bid period)

Properties go through a tax foreclosure process. Once sold, there is no right of redemption, but there is a 10-day upset bid period after the initial sale.

North Dakota (ND)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
3 years (before deed)
Interest / Penalty
12% annual interest

County acquires a tax lien. Owner has 3 years to redeem before the county can issue a tax deed to the purchaser.

Ohio (OH)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
1 year
Interest / Penalty
18% annual interest

Owner has 1 year from the date of the tax lien certificate sale to redeem. After that, the certificate holder can initiate foreclosure.

Oklahoma (OK)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
2 years (before deed)
Interest / Penalty
8% annual interest

Tax lien certificates are sold annually. Owner has 2 years to redeem the lien before the certificate holder can apply for a deed.

Oregon (OR)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
2 years (before foreclosure)
Interest / Penalty
Varies; includes penalties

Properties become subject to foreclosure after being delinquent for 3 years. Owner has approximately 2 years in the foreclosure process to redeem.

Pennsylvania (PA)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
9 months (repository sales)
Interest / Penalty
10% penalty

Upset sales have no redemption after the judicial sale is confirmed. Repository (free and clear) sales allow a 9-month redemption period. Process varies by county.

Rhode Island (RI)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
1 year
Interest / Penalty
10% + 1% per month (22% max)

Owner has 1 year from the date of the tax sale to redeem the property by paying the delinquent taxes, interest, and costs.

South Carolina (SC)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
12 months
Interest / Penalty
3-12% interest (varies)

Owner has 12 months from the date of the tax sale to redeem. Interest rate varies based on the bid and is set at the time of sale.

South Dakota (SD)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
3-4 years (before deed)
Interest / Penalty
Varies; includes penalties

Tax sale certificates have a 3-to-4-year waiting period before the purchaser can request a tax deed. Owner can redeem during this time.

Tennessee (TN)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
1 year
Interest / Penalty
10% annual interest

Owner has 1 year from the date of the tax lien sale to redeem. After the period expires, the purchaser can petition the court for possession.

Texas (TX)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
6 months / 2 years
Interest / Penalty
25% (6 mo) / 50% (2 yr) penalty

Most properties have a 6-month redemption period. Homestead, agricultural, and mineral properties have 2 years. The redemption price includes a 25% penalty (6 months) or 50% penalty (2 years).

Utah (UT)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
No redemption after sale
Interest / Penalty
N/A

Properties are sold after 5 years of delinquency. Once sold at auction, the buyer receives a deed with no right of redemption for the former owner.

Vermont (VT)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
1 year
Interest / Penalty
12% annual interest

Owner has 1 year to redeem after the tax sale. The collector's deed is issued after the redemption period expires without payment.

Virginia (VA)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
No statutory redemption
Interest / Penalty
N/A

Virginia does not provide a statutory right of redemption after a tax sale. Owner must pay before the sale to avoid losing the property.

Washington (WA)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
No redemption after sale
Interest / Penalty
N/A

Properties are sold after a 3-year delinquency period. Once the tax deed is issued at auction, the former owner has no right of redemption.

West Virginia (WV)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
18 months
Interest / Penalty
12% annual interest

Owner has 18 months from the date of the tax lien sale to redeem. After the period, the purchaser can request a deed from the state auditor.

Wisconsin (WI)
Tax Deed
Redemption Period
2 years (before deed)
Interest / Penalty
Varies by county

County takes a tax certificate. Owner has 2 years to redeem before the county issues a tax deed to the purchaser or takes the property.

Wyoming (WY)
Tax Lien
Redemption Period
4 years (before deed)
Interest / Penalty
15% penalty + 15%/year interest

Tax sale certificates are issued annually. Owner has 4 years to redeem before the certificate holder can apply for a tax deed.

How Redemption Periods Work

What is a redemption period?

After a tax sale, many states give the original property owner a legal window to "redeem" their property by paying all delinquent taxes, interest, penalties, and costs. During this period, the tax sale buyer holds a lien or conditional deed but may not have full ownership yet. The length of this period varies from 60 days to 4+ years depending on the state.

Tax Lien vs. Tax Deed Redemption

In tax lien states, the redemption period is a waiting period before the lien holder can convert their lien into a deed. During this time, the investor earns interest. In tax deed states, the buyer may receive a deed at sale but the owner has a set period to buy it back. Redeemable deed states like Georgia transfer ownership immediately but allow the owner to redeem by paying a steep penalty.

Why It Matters for Investors

The redemption period directly impacts your investment timeline and risk. Shorter periods mean faster access to the property but higher competition. Longer periods tie up capital but may offer attractive interest rates. States with no redemption give you clean ownership immediately but often have more aggressive bidding and higher purchase prices at auction.

Investor Strategy Tip

Match your investment strategy to the redemption period. If you want passive income, target tax lien states with high interest rates and 1-3 year redemption periods (like Iowa at 24% annually or Mississippi at 18%). If you want to acquire properties, focus on tax deed states with no redemption (like Nevada, Washington, or Utah) where you get immediate ownership.

For curative title investors, states like Texas and Georgia offer a sweet spot: short-to-moderate redemption periods with steep penalties that discourage owner redemption, meaning you are more likely to end up with the property.

More Investor Tools

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a tax sale redemption period?

A redemption period is the window of time after a tax sale during which the original property owner can reclaim their property by paying all delinquent taxes, interest, penalties, and costs. The length varies significantly by state, ranging from no redemption at all to 4+ years.

What happens when the redemption period expires?

Once the redemption period expires without payment from the original owner, the tax sale purchaser typically receives full ownership of the property (in tax deed states) or can petition the court or county for a deed (in tax lien states). The original owner permanently loses all rights to the property.

Which states have no redemption period after a tax sale?

Several states offer no redemption after the sale, including Arkansas, Kansas, Nevada, New Mexico, North Carolina, Utah, Virginia, and Washington. In these states, once the property is sold at a tax sale, the former owner cannot get it back. However, most of these states have lengthy pre-sale delinquency periods.

How does the redemption period affect my investment strategy?

Shorter or no redemption periods mean faster access to the property but often more competition at auction. Longer redemption periods mean your capital is tied up longer, but you earn interest or penalties during the wait. Tax lien investors generally prefer longer periods with high interest rates, while tax deed investors prefer shorter periods for faster flips.

Can a property owner redeem after the redemption period expires?

Generally no. Once the statutory redemption period expires, the original owner loses their right to reclaim the property. However, some states allow courts to extend the period in cases of fraud, irregularities in the sale process, or for certain protected property types like homesteads.

What is the difference between a tax lien and tax deed redemption period?

In tax lien states, the redemption period is typically the time before the lien holder can apply for a deed (a waiting period). In tax deed states, the redemption period is the time after the sale during which the owner can buy back the property. Some states use redeemable deeds, where the buyer gets the deed immediately but the owner can redeem within a set window.

Do homestead properties get longer redemption periods?

Yes, several states provide extended redemption periods for homestead or owner-occupied properties. For example, Texas gives homesteads a 2-year redemption period versus 6 months for other property, Indiana allows 1 year for owner-occupied versus 120 days for vacant, and Minnesota provides 3 years for homestead versus 1 year for other property.

What interest or penalties do owners pay to redeem?

Redemption costs vary widely by state. Some charge a flat annual interest rate (e.g., 12% in Alabama, 18% in Connecticut). Others charge steep penalties (e.g., 25-50% in Texas, 20% in Georgia). In some tax lien states like Florida and New Jersey, the interest rate is bid down at auction, which can result in lower returns for investors.

Research Properties Before the Sale

Download tax delinquent property lists with owner info, tax amounts, and deal scores. Know the redemption rules and be prepared before auction day.